G1 phase (Gap 1) is the first stage of interphase where the cell grows, synthesizes proteins, and prepares for DNA replication. In contrast, the S phase (Synthesis) is when DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes. While G1 focuses on cellular growth and preparation, the S phase is crucial for genetic material duplication, ensuring that each daughter cell will receive an identical set of chromosomes during cell division. Together, these phases are essential for proper cell cycle progression and function.
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