How does MIDI file stores audio?

MIDI files do not store audio data; instead, they contain instructions that specify how music is to be played, such as notes, timing, dynamics, and instrument sounds. These instructions are interpreted by MIDI-compatible devices or software to generate audio in real time using synthesizers or sound libraries. Essentially, MIDI serves as a digital score rather than a recording of actual sound. This allows for smaller file sizes and greater flexibility in sound manipulation compared to audio files.