What is the modes of novel emphasizes futile acts of will?

In literature, modes that emphasize futile acts of will often explore themes of existentialism, absurdity, and the struggle against an indifferent universe. Characters may engage in relentless pursuits or confront insurmountable obstacles, highlighting the futility of their efforts. This can be seen in works like Samuel Beckett's "Waiting for Godot," where characters wait in vain for meaning or resolution. Such narratives ultimately reflect on the human condition, illustrating the tension between desire and the often harsh realities of life.