What are the second level consumers in the tundra biome?

In the tundra biome, second-level consumers primarily include carnivorous animals that feed on primary consumers, such as herbivores. Common examples are arctic foxes, snowy owls, and various bird species that prey on small mammals like lemmings and birds. These predators play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the tundra ecosystem by controlling herbivore populations. Additionally, they contribute to nutrient cycling through their predation and waste.