What is planck's theory of energy radiation?

Planck's theory of energy radiation, proposed by Max Planck in 1900, introduced the concept that energy is quantized, meaning it can only be emitted or absorbed in discrete packets called "quanta" or "photons." This theory addressed the ultraviolet catastrophe by explaining that the energy of these quanta is proportional to their frequency, described by the equation E = hν, where E is energy, h is Planck's constant, and ν is frequency. Planck's work laid the foundation for quantum mechanics and revolutionized our understanding of atomic and subatomic processes.