How do mathematics fractals work?

Mathematics fractals are complex structures that exhibit self-similarity, meaning they display similar patterns at different scales. They are created through iterative processes, where simple mathematical formulas are repeatedly applied to generate intricate designs. Fractals often arise in nature, such as in Coastlines, snowflakes, and plants, and are represented graphically through equations like the Mandelbrot set. Their defining characteristic is that zooming into a fractal reveals more detail, showcasing the infinite complexity of the pattern.