What is a tonic pedal?

A tonic pedal is a musical technique where a sustained or repeated note, usually the tonic of the key, is held or played in the bass while harmonies change above it. This creates a sense of stability and grounding within the music, emphasizing the home key. Tonic pedals are often used in various musical styles, including classical, rock, and pop, to build tension or provide a strong foundation for melodic development.