What did southern states pass at the end of the reconstruction?

At the end of Reconstruction, southern states passed a series of laws known as Black Codes, which were designed to restrict the freedoms and liberties of African Americans. These laws enforced racial segregation, limited voting rights, and imposed harsh penalties for minor offenses. Additionally, the withdrawal of federal troops in 1877 allowed white supremacist groups to regain control, leading to further disenfranchisement and systemic discrimination against Black citizens. This marked the beginning of an era of Jim Crow laws that institutionalized racial segregation in the South.