What is the study of effect of civilization on the environment?

The study of the effect of civilization on the environment is often referred to as environmental science or ecology, which examines how human activities impact natural ecosystems and resources. This field explores the consequences of urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural practices on air, water, and soil quality, as well as biodiversity. Researchers analyze the balance between human needs and environmental sustainability, aiming to develop strategies for mitigating negative impacts. Ultimately, it seeks to understand the interplay between human development and ecological health.