What type of government is based on the idea that all citizens are equal before the law and should have the opportunity to hold and use political power?

The type of government based on the principle that all citizens are equal before the law and should have the opportunity to hold and use political power is a democracy. In a democratic system, citizens have the right to participate in decision-making processes, typically through elections and representation. This framework ensures that power is derived from the people, promoting equality and accountability in governance.