Who colonized turkey?

No.

From 1453 to 1919, Turkey was the central region of the powerful Ottoman Empire. The Treaty of Versailles of 1919 saw the final dismantling of the Ottoman Empire, so that it only contained the areas now known as Turkey. Under the Treaty of Sevrès of 1920, Turkey was to have spheres of foreign influence (British, French, and Italian). However, Kemal Mustafa Atatürk, a rising Turkish general, was able to rouse the remnant of the Ottoman Army to overthrow first the Ottoman government that had signed the Treaty and then forcibly remove the imperialists. This resulted in the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, making Turkey an internationally recognized independent country.