How do the tuning pegs of a guitar work?

Tuning pegs on a guitar adjust the tension of the strings, which affects their pitch. When you turn a tuning peg, it either winds the string tighter (raising the pitch) or loosens it (lowering the pitch). Each peg is attached to a gear mechanism that allows for precise adjustments. By tuning each string to the correct pitch, musicians can ensure the guitar sounds harmonious when played.