How does photo-catalysis work?

Photocatalysis is a process that uses light to accelerate a chemical reaction, typically involving a semiconductor material that absorbs photons and generates electron-hole pairs. When light strikes the photocatalyst, it excites electrons, creating reactive species that can drive various chemical transformations, such as breaking down pollutants or facilitating chemical synthesis. This process is often used in environmental applications, like water purification and air treatment, due to its ability to harness solar energy for degrading harmful substances. Overall, photocatalysis is an efficient way to promote reactions under mild conditions, making it a promising technology for sustainable chemistry.