How were the sand dunes along Lake Michigan formed?

The sand dunes along Lake Michigan were formed through a combination of natural processes, primarily the erosion of nearby sandstone cliffs and the action of wind and waves. As waves erode the shoreline, they break down rocks into fine sand, which is then transported by wind across the landscape. Over time, this sand accumulates to create the dunes, shaped further by prevailing winds and vegetation that stabilize the sand. This dynamic process has resulted in the diverse and shifting dune landscapes seen today.