Explain How the Reformation led to the counter-reformation?

The reformation was a time when the Catholic church was being increasingly challenged and resisted against. Areas, especially ones further away from Rome were gradually converting to Protestantism. This effort was furthered by a German monk named Martin Luther, who wrote 95 theses that criticized the actions of the Catholic church, particularly the acceptance of indulgences (people would pay the clergy so that they and their relatives would have to spend less time in purgatory). This effort was also furthered by the invention of the printing press, which allowed things to be printed and distributed en masse. Martin Luther translated The Bible from Latin so that people could read it for themselves and draw their own conclusions about it, there were also prints (drawings) distributed that depicted the clergy as monstrosities. Of course, the Catholic church and pope wanted to resist against the reformation and draw people back to Catholicism, their efforts to bring people back constitute the counter-reformation.