How do the numbers on the pH scale relate to exponents?

The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a logarithmic scale from 0 to 14, where each whole number change on the scale corresponds to a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration. Specifically, a pH of 7 is neutral, with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 x 10^-7 moles per liter. Thus, a pH of 6 represents a concentration of 1 x 10^-6 moles per liter, indicating ten times more hydrogen ions than at pH 7. This exponential relationship means that lower pH values indicate higher acidity and correspond to increasingly larger concentrations of hydrogen ions.