How is power divided between national and state and local governments in a confederal form of government?

In a confederal form of government, power is primarily held by the individual states or regions, with a weak central authority that is dependent on the states for its existence and functioning. Each state retains significant autonomy and can make independent decisions, including the ability to levy taxes and enforce laws. The central government typically has limited powers, often focused on issues that require collective action, such as defense or foreign relations, but it cannot coerce states to comply with its directives. This structure emphasizes the sovereignty of each state while complicating cohesive national governance.