What did some African leaders turn to after the damage done by colonism?

After the damage done by colonialism, some African leaders turned to nationalism and pan-Africanism as means to unify their countries and promote self-determination. They focused on rebuilding their nations through education, infrastructure development, and economic independence. Additionally, many sought to establish strong political institutions to foster unity and stability, while advocating for international support and solidarity among African nations to combat the lingering effects of colonialism.