How does the process of independent assortment differ from crossing over in genetic inheritance?

Independent assortment refers to the random distribution of different genes during the formation of gametes, leading to genetic variation. Crossing over, on the other hand, is a process during meiOSis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, resulting in new combinations of genes. Independent assortment increases genetic diversity by shuffling genes from different chromosomes, while crossing over creates variation by swapping genetic material within the same chromosome.