Why do humpbacks have spots?

Humpback whales have unique patterns of white spots and markings on their bodies, particularly on their flukes, which serve as a form of identification, much like human fingerprints. These spots are a result of varying pigmentation and can include barnacles and other marine organisms that attach to their skin. This patterning is crucial for researchers studying individual whales, as it helps in tracking their movements, behaviors, and populations over time. Additionally, the spots may play a role in social interactions among whales.