What would an archaeologist be interested in?

Archeologist want to find some atrefacts so that they could find out about the times when people could not read and write. They start excavations. Of course, the newer and later artefacts are equally important, e.g. ruins of churches and castles, coins, tombs, pieces of tools, vessels, or ships (marine archeologists).

Examining the things they dig out of the earth they can conclude some arguments about life in the past.