How Wave and Wave are used to determine the properties of earth's core?

Seismic waves, specifically P-waves (primary or compressional waves) and S-waves (secondary or shear waves), are crucial for understanding Earth's core properties. P-waves can travel through both solid and liquid, while S-waves can only move through solids; their behavior provides insights into the core's composition. When seismic waves generated by earthquakes pass through the Earth, their speed and path changes indicate the different layers, revealing that the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid. By analyzing these wave patterns, scientists can infer the density, state, and composition of the Earth's core.