What was the second wave of immigrants was mostly made up of immigrants?

The second wave of immigrants to the United States, primarily occurring from the 1820s to the 1880s, was mostly made up of Irish and German immigrants. The Irish fled famine and political unrest, while Germans sought economic opportunities and escaped political turmoil. This wave significantly influenced American culture, Demographics, and labor, as these groups settled in cities and rural areas across the country. Their arrival marked a shift in the immigrant population, with a growing number coming from Southern and Eastern Europe in subsequent waves.