Why did James Madison invite the 13 zStates to a meeting in the fall of 1786?

James Madison invited the 13 states to a meeting in the fall of 1786 to address the shortcomings of the Articles of Confederation, particularly in terms of interstate commerce and economic stability. The meeting, known as the Annapolis Convention, aimed to discuss and propose solutions for the issues facing the young nation, including trade disputes and a lack of a strong central government. Madison hoped to gain support for a more robust framework that would ultimately lead to the Constitutional Convention in 1787.