What are the similarities and differences in the principles of least privilege and separation of duties?

The principle of least privilege and separation of duties are both key concepts in information security aimed at minimizing risk. The principle of least privilege grants users only the access necessary to perform their job functions, reducing the potential for unauthorized actions. In contrast, separation of duties involves dividing responsibilities among multiple individuals to prevent any single person from having complete control over a critical process, thereby reducing fraud and error. While both principles aim to enhance security, least privilege focuses on access control, while separation of duties emphasizes the distribution of responsibilities.