Why did thirteen families sue the Topeka school board?

Thirteen families sued the Topeka school board in 1951 to challenge racial segregation in public schools. They argued that the segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, claiming that separate educational facilities were inherently unequal. This case, known as Brown v. Board of Education, ultimately led to a landmark Supreme Court decision in 1954 that declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.