How does the optimum range relate to the range of tolerance?

The optimum range refers to the ideal conditions under which a species thrives best, including factors like temperature, light, and nutrients. In contrast, the range of tolerance encompasses the broader spectrum of conditions within which a species can survive, though not necessarily thrive. While the optimum range represents peak performance, the range of tolerance includes both the optimal conditions and the limits that can support minimal survival. Consequently, the optimum range is a subset of the broader range of tolerance.