How does natural selection explain the diversity of species Darwin observed on the galapagos island?

Natural selection explains the diversity of species observed by Darwin on the Galápagos Islands through the process of adaptation to different environments. As species migrated to the islands, they encountered varied habitats and resources, leading to different selective pressures. Over time, those individuals with traits better suited to their specific environments were more likely to survive and reproduce, resulting in the emergence of new species. This process of adaptation and speciation contributed to the rich biodiversity that Darwin famously studied.