All of South America had gained its independence by?

By the early 1820s, most of South America had achieved independence from Spanish colonial rule, largely through a series of revolutionary movements led by figures such as Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín. The last significant territories to gain independence were Peru in 1821 and Bolivia in 1825. Brazil declared independence from Portugal in 1822, completing the wave of independence movements across the continent. By the mid-1820s, the majority of South American nations were established as independent states.