How a split ring convert the ac into dc?

A split-ring commutator is used in electric motors and generators to convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It consists of two segments connected to the output of the coil, which rotates in a magnetic field. As the coil spins, the split-ring alternately connects the coil to the external circuit, allowing current to flow in one direction, effectively rectifying the AC output into DC. This mechanism ensures that the output voltage remains unidirectional, providing a consistent flow of current.