What attacked many African Americans to the north as mid west?

Many African Americans were attracted to the North and Midwest during the Great Migration, which occurred primarily between 1916 and 1970. They sought better economic opportunities, escaping the oppressive Jim Crow laws and racial violence in the South. Industrial jobs in cities like Chicago, Detroit, and New York offered the promise of higher wages and improved living conditions. Additionally, the cultural vibrancy of northern cities, including the flourishing of jazz and the Harlem Renaissance, drew many seeking a more fulfilling life.