What are the main differences between the lower brain and the higher brain in terms of their functions and capabilities?

The lower brain, also known as the reptilian brain, is responsible for basic survival functions like breathing and heart rate. The higher brain, or neocortex, is involved in more complex functions like reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. The higher brain allows for advanced cognitive abilities and emotional processing, while the lower brain focuses on instinctual responses and automatic bodily functions.