How can technology receive and send text messages?

Technology sends and receives text messages through a system of protocols and networks. When a user sends a text, their device converts the message into digital data, which is transmitted over cellular networks or the internet to a messaging server. The server then routes the message to the recipient's device, where it is decoded and displayed. This process relies on various technologies, including SMS (Short Message Service) for cellular texts and internet-based messaging apps that use data connections.