How long to cook a fresh 9lb Pork shoulder?

The answer depends on what method you're using.

For roasting, six to eight hours, at 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Since pork shoulder is a tough meat, with a lot of connective tissue, slow-cooking provides the most tender, tastiest meat. Once the meat is soft enough that you can pull a bite off of it using only a fork, it's done.

For braising (searing it in a skillet, then simmering it in a flavorful liquid), it'll take about two and a half to three hours. It'll cook faster and more evenly if you cut it into two pieces first.

If you're boiling (please don't) or stewing, you'll need to cut it into small pieces first, about an inch each. Otherwise, the outside will be done long before the inside is finished. With one inch pieces, it'll take about thirty to forty-five minutes.