What country has no permanent population?

South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sx.html It's debatable I guess. This is claimed as a territory of the UK and the CIA World Fact Book says any criminal matters that may come up would be handled by the UK (I suppose one scientist may finally lose it on another after months of snoring...). Still, Argentina hasn't dropped their claim to it also, just agreed not to fight over. What is a country though anyway? Must it have a seat at the UN in order to be "a country"? Well if so that means the Vatican isn't a country. It sends and observer to the UN but that's all: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vt.html Thinking too much about this might well drive you nutty. :)