What is anaphoric and cataphoric?

Anaphoric and cataphoric references are linguistic concepts related to how pronouns or expressions refer to entities in discourse. Anaphoric reference occurs when a Word or phrase refers back to a previously mentioned entity, such as using "he" to refer to "John" earlier in the text. In contrast, cataphoric reference happens when a Word or phrase points forward to something that will be mentioned later, such as saying "He will arrive soon" when "he" refers to someone introduced later in the sentence. Both types of referencing help maintain coherence in communication.