What does consolidation mean in the lungs?

Consolidation in the lungs refers to the process where lung tissue becomes firm and solid due to the accumulation of fluid, cells, or other substances, often as a result of infection or inflammation, such as pneumonia. This process leads to the replacement of air in the alveoli with these substances, impairing gas exchange and causing symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing. Radiologically, consolidation is typically visible on chest X-rays as areas of increased opacity.