What is the type of government where a person inherits power?

Monarchy

Monarchy implies rule or the power of government in the hands of an individual who has inherited the role and expects to bequeath it to the descendants. Currently there exist thirty-one monarchs reigning over forty-five extant sovereign monarchies in the world, sixteen of which are Commonwealth Realms that formally recognize Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state and Prince Charles as heir.

~MAIYA BOWMAN