Why is North Sea is so polluted?

The North Sea is polluted due to a combination of industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and maritime activities. Oil and gas extraction, along with shipping traffic, contribute significantly to marine pollution, including oil spills and hazardous waste. Additionally, fertilizers and pesticides from agricultural land lead to nutrient runoff, causing eutrophication and harming marine ecosystems. The cumulative effects of these factors have led to significant environmental degradation in the region.