What methods used to compensate for scarcity of resources in the ancient world?

In the ancient world, societies employed various methods to compensate for resource scarcity, including trade, which facilitated the exchange of goods and raw materials between regions. They also practiced crop rotation and irrigation to maximize agricultural yields and sustain food production. Additionally, communities often resorted to resource-sharing practices, such as communal farming or collective hunting, to ensure survival and equitable distribution of available resources. Lastly, technological innovations, like the development of tools and techniques for better resource management, played a crucial role in addressing scarcity.