What are the disadvantages of kale?

Kale can be tough and bitter, which may not appeal to everyone's taste. It is also high in oxalates, which can interfere with calcium absorption and contribute to kidney stone formation in susceptible individuals. Additionally, kale is often exposed to pesticides, so opting for organic varieties is advisable to reduce chemical exposure. Lastly, its high fiber content can cause digestive discomfort for some people if consumed in large quantities.