The western movement, often referred to as the westward expansion in the United States, is generally considered to have begun in 1803 with the Louisiana Purchase, which significantly expanded U.S. territory. It continued throughout the 19th century, with significant milestones such as the Oregon Trail in the 1840s and the California Gold Rush in 1849. The movement is often viewed as having effectively ended by the 1890s, with the closing of the frontier officially declared in 1890 by the U.S. Census Bureau.
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