In the Treaty of Nanjing, signed in 1842, the British received several significant concessions from China following the First Opium War. They gained the cession of Hong Kong, the opening of five treaty ports for British trade, and the establishment of a fixed tariff on British goods. Additionally, the treaty included provisions for British citizens to enjoy extraterritorial rights, meaning they were subject to British law rather than Chinese law. This treaty marked the beginning of a series of "unequal treaties" that favored Western powers in China.
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