What is called the dwarf galaxies?

Dwarf galaxies are small galaxies that contain relatively few stars compared to larger galaxies, typically having a total stellar mass of less than a billion solar masses. They can be classified into different types, such as dwarf elliptical, dwarf irregular, and dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Despite their small size, dwarf galaxies can play a significant role in our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution, as well as dark matter. They often exist in groups or clusters and can be satellites of larger galaxies, like the Milky Way.