What happened in the supreme court case Dred Scott vs sanford?

In the Dred Scott v. Sandford case, the Supreme Court ruled that African Americans, whether free or enslaved, were not considered citizens and thus could not sue in federal court. The decision also declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional as it exceeded Congress's authority to regulate slavery in territories. This decision further polarized the nation on the issue of slavery and was a significant factor leading up to the Civil War.