What is a submaximal test that can help give a sense of the intensity of workouts?

A submaximal test, such as the Rockport Walk Test, can help gauge workout intensity by measuring heart rate response to a controlled walking pace. Participants walk a mile as fast as possible, and their completion time and post-exercise heart rate are recorded. This information can then be used to estimate VO2 max and assess cardiovascular fitness, providing insight into the intensity of workouts without pushing individuals to their maximum effort.