How did Baghdad change?

Baghdad has undergone significant changes throughout its history, particularly since its founding in the 8th century as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate, where it became a center of culture, science, and trade. Over the centuries, it faced invasions, including the Mongol sack in 1258, which devastated the city. In modern times, Baghdad has experienced rapid urbanization and significant political turmoil, especially after the U.S. invasion in 2003, leading to infrastructural challenges and population displacement. Today, it continues to evolve, balancing its rich historical legacy with contemporary issues.