In what locations were monarchies able to centrailize their power?

Monarchies were able to centralize their power in various locations, notably in Europe, with countries like France under Louis XIV and England after the Glorious Revolution. In Asia, strong centralization occurred in China during the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as in Japan with the Tokugawa shogunate. Additionally, in the Middle East, the Ottoman Empire exemplified centralized authority over vast territories. These monarchies employed bureaucratic systems, military strength, and strategic alliances to consolidate their power effectively.