What is the method of writing very small or very large numbers by using powers of ten?

The method of writing very small or very large numbers using powers of ten is called scientific notation. In this format, a number is expressed as the product of a coefficient (a number between 1 and 10) and a power of ten. For example, the number 5,000 can be written as (5.0 \times 10^3), while 0.0003 can be expressed as (3.0 \times 10^{-4}). This notation simplifies calculations and makes it easier to read and compare numbers with vastly different magnitudes.