Philip II of France, also known as Philip Augustus, strengthened the central government by consolidating royal power and expanding the administrative framework of the state. He effectively diminished the influence of feudal lords by confiscating their lands and integrating them into the royal domain. Philip also implemented a systematic approach to governance by establishing a network of officials, such as baillis and sénéchaux, who enforced royal policies and collected taxes. Additionally, he promoted the use of the French language in administration, which helped unify the kingdom and enhance central authority.
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